Land Use/Land Cover Mapping Based on GEE for the Monitoring of Changes in Ecosystem Types in the Upper Yellow River Basin over the Tibetan Plateau

The upper Yellow River basin over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important ecological barrier in northwestern China. Effective LULC products that enable monitoring of changes regional ecosystem types are great importance for their environmental protection and macro-control. Here, we combined 18-class classification scheme based on with Sentinel-2 imagery, Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, random forest method to present new a spatial resolution 10 m 2018 2020 Basin TP conducted types. results indicated that: (1) In 2020, overall accuracy (OA) maps ranged between 87.45% 93.02%. (2) Grassland was main first-degree class research area, followed by wetland water bodies barren land. For second-degree class, grassland, broadleaf shrub marsh. (3) types, largest area progressive succession (positive) grassland–shrubland (451.13 km2), whereas retrogressive (negative) grassland–barren (395.91 km2). areas were grassland–broadleaf (344.68 km2) desert land–grassland (302.02 shrubland–grassland (309.08 grassland–bare rock (193.89 northern southwestern parts study showed trend towards positive succession, south-central Huangnan, northeastern Gannan, central Aba Prefectures signs purpose this provide basis data basin-scale analysis more detailed categories reliable accuracy.